vol.1. N 1. 2016
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPLIANCE OF GENETIC POTENTIAL OF THE RACE FOR MILK PRODUCTION BREED OF GOATS ALPINA IN MUNCIPALITY OF STRUGA IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
ABSTRACT
Alpine race belongs to the most dairy breeds of goats, whose race genetic potential for milk production amounts to 900 liters per lactation, which lasts about 280 days.The purpose of this research is to carry out a comparative analysis of the implementation of the race genetic potential for milk production in the Alpine breed reared in the municipality of Struga R. Macedonia.The survey was conducted in the municipality of Struga on a sample of 20 individual goat breeders of this race.The smallest variation of the variation width (VŠ = (Max-Min) in the sample ranges from 495 liters or 55 %, and the biggest variation of the variation width is 644 liters or 71.5 %. The average deviation of the progress genetic potential for producing milk of goats of the Alpine breed in Municipality of Struga with extensive local technology compared to race genetic potential for milk production (which is 900 liters per lactation) variation of the variation width VŠ=(Max–Min) is 571 liters or 63.4 %. From the results, the sample of 20 goat breeders, which is chosen based on: the use of similar technology for accommodate goats, assistive technology equipment and tools, micro-climatic conditions, selection and improvement of the quality of the resulting offspring and nutrition, we can conclude that all breeders have derogation in fulfilling the genetic potential for milk production of goats of the Alpine breed in Struga in the ratio of the race genetic potential for milk production.
Key words: goat, alpine race, genetic potential, milk.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 3–6; ISSN 2534-9333
THE ROLE OF DG SANTE IN THE ADOPTION OF VETERINARY LEGISLATION AND FOOD SAFETY
Iliyan Kostov, Evgeni Makaveev, Gergana Balieva
ABSTRACT
The law-making process in the EU is a complex and sometimes very long process. Depending on thenature, scope of application and the type of the draft act, this process is a multistep one. It is implemented bythe three institutions in the European Union (EU)- the Council, the European Commission (EC) and the EuropeanParliament (EP), working in coordination. In operational line the law-making procedures carried out byDG SANTE within the margin of the internal consultation procedure (intra-SANCO consultation) and the interserviceconsultation level (inter-service consultation) are discussed.The work of the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed (SCPAFF) is described indetails. In addition, a mechanism of operation and interaction between the Council, the European Parliamentand the Commission and three types of procedures for the adoption of primary legislation: the consultationprocedure (consultation) cooperation (cooperation) and a co-decision or the ordinary legislative procedure (codecision)has been analyzed.
Key words: European Union, primary and secondary legislation, food safety, legislative procedure.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 7–14; ISSN 2534-9333
HISTOLOGIC FEATURES OF THE DOG’S MAMMARY GLANDS BLOOD SUPPLY
Lyubomir Hristakiev, Georgi I. Georgiev, Radina Altankova, Georgi D. Georgiev, Emil Sapundzhiev
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to establish and characterize the kinds and types of blood vessels microcirculationfrom parenchyma of the dog’s mammary glands.The incoming blood vessels in mammary complexes and their branches in inter- and perilobular connectivetissue septs, as so the following smaller blood vessels in glandular parenchyma were investigated. Thesevessels presented on histological slides from bitches’ mammary gland in diestrous cycle were obtained andprepared by conventional histological method and was observed. The samples were fixed in solution 10 %neutral formaldehyde, then cut by microtome at 7 μm and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin.Myotypical arteries and arterioles in specific position as rosette were established in mammary teats andpostarteriolar capillaries as so venules and small myotypical veins in inter- and perilobular connective tissuesepts were observed. Capillaries decrease their number in correlation of glandular parenchyma involution.The established blood vessels morphologic features in bitches’ mammary glands are important for glandularfunctional characteristic in norm and as so frequently happened pathological conditions, especially inmastitis and neoplasms.
Key words: dog, microcirculation, blood vessels, mammary gland, histology.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 15–20; ISSN 2534-9333
HEPATIC PRENEOPLASIA INDUCED BY N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE AND N-NITROSODIETHYLAMINE IN JAPANESE QUAIL EMBRYOS
Branimir Nikolov, Ani Georgieva, Roman Pepovich, Kalin Hristov, Tandzhu Mehmedov, Vasil Manov, Elena Nikolova, Reneta Petrova, Ivelin Vladov, Anton Kril
ABSTRACT
Toxic and carcinogenic effects induced in ovo by N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine in Japanese quail embryos were studied by histopathological methods. The obtained results indicate that both compounds induce preneoplastic hepatic alterations. The spectrum of macroscopic and microscopic lesions identified in carcinogen-treated embryos has been presented. The significance of avian embryos as an inexpensive and reliable model system for studies on hepatocarcinogenesis has been briefly discussed.
Key words: hepatocarcinogenesis, preneoplasia, avian embryos, japanese quail, N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 21–25; ISSN 2534-9333
CYTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDOMETRITIS IN DAIRY CATTLE
Dimiter Dimitrov, Vassil Manov, Iliya Ralchev, Kalin Hristov, Georgi Popov
ABSTRACT
In the last decades, related to increased milk yield, the reproductive performance has rapidly decreased in dairycows, especially in the Holstein breed. Although milk yield is negatively associated with reproductiveperformance, there are other additional factors which affect the fertility in dairy cattle, such as animal healthcondition, management and balanced rations. Additionally, physiologic dysfunctions, such as uterine infections, areelements which are responsible for decreased reproductive performance and fertility in dairy cattle.The objective of this study was to obtain a clear view over normal cell clusters in cow`s vagina and uterus, so this information will be useful for comparison in future examination related to rapid cytology diagnosis. Neutrophils are the first and most significant inflammatorycell involved in endometritis, but are also foremost duringnormal uterine involution. The inflammatory cell response in cases of subclinical endometritis is widely believed to bequantifiably more severe than that associated with normalinvolution yet milder than clinical endometritis.Such cytological diagnostic approach is useful for both – normal and infected vagina/uterus with or without presence of discharge. Vaginoscopy is a rapid and simple technique for thediagnosis of purulent vaginal discharge. Clear mucus isnormal, whereas purulent and foul-smellingdischarge are indicative of disease. Other ways of detecting uterine dischargehave been studied, including the gloved handand theMetricheck device(Simcrotech, Hamilton, New Zealand).The results show clear relation between cytological positive diagnosis and affected condition of the reproductive function.
Key words: subclincal endometritis, cytological diagnosis, dairy cattle
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 27–32; ISSN 2534-9333
APPLICATION OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA (PRP) IN TREATING OF A COMPLICATED POSTOPERATIVE WOUND IN A CAT: A CLINICAL CASE
Konstantin Aminkov, Bogdan Aminkov, Nadya Zlateva-Panayotova, Chavdar Botev
ABSTRACT
Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) therapy was used in treating postoperative wound complications in an 11 years old cat. After mechanical debridement of the wound, the wound edges were infiltrated three times at certain intervals with PRP. The wound healed completely 50 days after treatment. This clinicalcase indicates that autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) can be successfully used in treating postoperative wounds with complications in the cat.
Key words: PRP, postoperative wound, platelet, plasma, cat.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 33–37; ISSN 2534-9333
A CASE REPORT OF ECLAMPSY IN DOG
Dimiter Dimitrov, Nikolay Mehandzhiysky, Iliya Peev, Georgy Georgiev
ABSTRACT
Eclampsia known as puerperal tetany is an acute, life-threatening disease caused by low blood calciumlevels (hypocalcemia) in dogs, during pregnancy and the first weeks of lactation after giving birth. Etiology ispoor nutrition, hypoalbuminaemia, lactation, parathyroid glands disease. The purpose of this article is to explorethe causes, various clinical aspects related to the progress of this disease and its treatment in the particular case.
Key words: eclampsy, hypocalcaemia, dog, therapy.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 39–43; ISSN 2534-9333
CLINICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL TESTS OF MALLARDS[ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS, (L.)] FOLLOWING AN EXPERIMENTALLYINDUCED INTOXICATION WITH LEAD AMMUNITION
Petar Stamberov, Tanju Mehmedov, Tony Todorov, Kalin Hristov, Ella Taneva
ABSTRACT
Results from clinical, hematological and biochemical tests following an experimentally induced leadintoxication of mallards are presented. The clinical signs and the loss of body weight are proportional to thetoxic exposition. Lower levels of red blood cells, hemoglobin and erythrocyte indices are registered. The resultsfrom the biochemical tests show elevated levels of liver transaminases, hypoproteinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia,and, also, significantly lower serum calcium levels.
Key words: mallards, intoxication, lead ammunition
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 45–52; ISSN 2534-9333
INVESTIGATIONS ON THE PREVALENCE OF PATELLAR LUXATION INDOGS
Radka Garnoeva, Mihail Paskalev, Nikolay Bengyuzov
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of patellar luxation in dogs using the patientrecords of the Small Animal Clinic at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Stara Zagora and Avicena VeterinaryClinic – Sofia.From the studied cohort, the Pinscher, Pomeranian, and Spitz breeds were the most frequently affected.The disease was the most rarely encountered in Bologneses. Female dogs were more commonly affected. Incases of unilateral patellar luxation, it was significantly more common in the left than in the right hindlimb.More than half of studied dogs (56 %) weighed between 2 and 5 kg, and 23 % were within the range 5–15 kg.In 91 % of dogs from studied breeds, medial patellar luxation was observed. The occurrence of the differentpatellar luxation grades was as followed: grade 1: 21 %, grade 2: 43 %; grade 3: 30 % and grade 4: 6 %.
Key words: dogs, patellar luxation.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 53–59; ISSN 2534-9333
A TRIAL TO TESTIFY THE SAFETY OF VACCINAL MYXOMA VIRUS ONSPERMATOGENESIS IN RABBITS
Iliyan Manev, Krasimira Genova, Dessislava Gradinarska, Krasimir Velikov
ABSTRACT
The aim of our study was to monitor in dynamics the impact and safety of attenuated vaccinal myxomavirus strain on some rabbit semen characteristics. Male rabbits of New Zealand White line were vaccinated (onD0) with attenuated myxomatosis vaccine with standard dose (group A, n=10) and compared in dynamic tocontrol unvaccinated animals (group B, n=6). The samples were collected using an artificial vagina twice – onD20 and D50 post vaccination. Semen samples were analyzed using CASA system in order to evaluate theconcentration, motility and velocity parameters of rabbit spermatozoa. Our study showed that there is no negativeinfluence in basic spermatogenic parameters and the quality of rabbits’ semen is not negatively affectedby standard myxomatosis vaccination.
Key words: myxoma virus, rabbit, vaccination, spermatogenesis, CASA.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 61–65; ISSN 2534-9333
INVESTIGATION OF THE BIOCIDAL EFFECT OF ELECTROCHEMICALLY ACTIVATED AQUEOUS SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Teodora Popova, Toshka Petrova, Stoil Karadzhov, Ganeta Krustanova
ABSTRACT
Studies were carried out to determine the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to electrochemically activated 3% aqueous sodium chloride solution (anolyte) in different concentrations – 100 %, 50 %, 25 % and 12.5 %. As a control was used the disinfectant Virkon S, applied at final concentrations of 1 %, 0.5 %, 0.25 % and 0.125 %. Two referent strains of S. aureus were used – ATCC and Kowan. It had been found that the anolyte in concentrations of 50 and 100 % inactivates the cells of S. Aureus ATCC in suspension at a density of 106 cells/ml within 5 min. After 10 minutes of impact and lower concentrations (25 and 12.5 %) had a bactericidal effect. The anolyte in all tested concentration (12.5 to 100 %) had a bactericidal effect on the cells of S. aureus Kowan in suspension with concentration of 106 cells/ml in 10-minutes. Shorter intervals tested (2 min and 5min) were not sufficient for achieving bactericidal action even at a concentration of anolyte 50 and 100 %, while after 10 min and even smaller concentrations (25 and 12.5 %) had such action. S. aureus ATCC showed slightly higher sensitivity to anolyte and Virkon S compared to the other tested strain Kowan. The effect of the control disinfectant Virkon S on the tested staphylococcal strains was completely analogous to that of the anolyte.
Key words: electrochemically activated solution of sodium chloride, anolyte, Virkon S, Staphylococcus aureus, antibacterial activity.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 67–72; ISSN 2534-9333
EFFECT OF EXPERIMENTAL FASCIOLOSIS AND DIETHYLNITROSAMINEINTOXICATION ON TRACE ELEMENTS CONTENT IN RAT LIVER
Neli Tsocheva-Gaytandzhieva, Margarita Gabrashanska, Veselin Nanev
ABSTRACT
The aim of the work was to be investigated the trace elements content in rat liver after the effect ofchronic fasciolosis and diethylnitrosamine (DENA) intoxication. The Mo, Rb, Br and Cu contents were near tothe controls or slightly increased. The highly increased quantity of Cu and low values of Zn, Fe and Co wereestablished. The obtained results pointed that the combined action of Fasciola hepatica and DENA leaded to aspecific mineral imbalance in the liver, which might take place in the pathogenesis of the interaction betweenexperimental fasciolosis and chemical intoxication.
Key words: Experimental helminthosis, chemical intoxication, liver, trace elements.
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 73–77; ISSN 2534-9333
APPLICATION OF NONINVASIVE MOLECULAR – BIOLOGICAL METHODSFOR DIAGNOSTICS OF EIMERIOSIS IN DOMESTIC RABBITS(ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS)
Ivelin Vladov, Valeria Dilcheva, Veselin Nanev, Gerogi Stoimenov
ABSTRACT
The parasites of the genus Eimeria (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) are among the most common in rabbits.We use non-invasive molecular biological methods to determine the species of the genus Eimeria and confirmedthe existence of five species in experimental infected domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). We considerthat the obtained results could be used for species identification of parasites of the genus Eimeria in mixedpopulations.
Key words: Eimeria spp., Oryctolagus cuniculus, diagnostic, PCR, ITS
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 79–84; ISSN 2534-9333
QUALITY AND SAFETY OF FEED USED IN FEEDING CATTLE
Georgi Popov, Veselin Kirov, Konstantinos Razos, Zapryanka Shindarska
ABSTRACT
This article addresses issues related to the quality and safety of feed and additives used in the feeding ofcattle. The indicators characterizing the quality of feed – dry matter, energy, crude protein, digestible protein inthe intestine, balance of protein in the rumen, calcium, phosphorus and raw fiber are described. Questionsrelated to the requirements of dairy cows on their need for nutrients and levels of certain undesirable substancesin feed (chemical, microbiological and physical) are reported. Legal norms and regulations concerning thequality and safety of food are considered and the influence of some genetically modified plants used as foodfor cattle are viewed.
Key words: quality, safety, feed, requirements, pathogens, toxins, GMO – feed
TMVM, 2016, vol.1, No 1(1): 85–91; ISSN 2534-9333